paooess of making alkaline carbonate and chl oriie



(Nn Msdel.)

2 Sheets-Shelet i M. MTE.' ES MAKING 4ALKALINE GARBGNATE AND GHLORINE. v

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Patented Nom/3,1891..

-Invnw Emzej` ee iiriinri wien@ hllfrfii ,"tllii'h'lll'-li lii'TPl,fill? LONDON7 ENGLAND.

iilmiiliLlhlE CRBONATE AND CHLORlNE part of Letters Patent No. 462,567',dated November 8, 1891.

Applicnicn filed April 23, 1801. Serial No. 390,833. (No specimens.)

To 2U 'ir/7mm 1'! muy w11 ,1 -wlw:

lie itl` wn that i linhirni iiAxuELL finire, sin` Kl e mint, oi (itlliinborough iiozul, licndoz-i, England, here invented new i: and ueeinlimprovements in the l'roduetion of Alkaline Cerhonntee and Chlorine andtheir l'jerivntifer., et which the following is P.- full, clear, andexziet. derlei-intim.

- lily in rcntion relates to :i conjoint process oi' continuouslyproduc-.ing alkaline carbon sites nud. chlorine :ind their derivntives-The t'orn'intion of the alkaline Carbonate is heeed en thedeezempor-iition of en nlialinenitrate ii); inenting with.) sity, cniciccarbonate .t5 ne f-slimtlydieA ihed 'ily innigeh the proeess 0l Ain -irfelliot-ide und the ini'uiuotiin; therei'roni irii chlorine iu the mannerherr-,inalterregeiwrntion et the alkaline ,i hr the conve tion of theretto n Solution oi plninhic allier on ieing' precipitated `with :iSolution in, n; odio chloride will yield n fioluiion oi' the iA 'alineiitrntcnnd n precipiteotfmci lic*Ehliirilflcn From liiehloride, .,letnie, chlorine le produced hc metal resort-,rod heilig; oxiiziiicn el'more plnlnhie nirepen idly. i 'lfheih'izoeown i5 Cari ed out. n5-i'ollou'ra7 it,l under od tllni whereversodic nitrnie, 'iilii,ore fl:e'"'iionzite isnientioned the e rreepeniiinig po.n...iie snit :vnf-ijf hesuh- 5 ntiintcd. 'l'o i'nrfiliinc thecomi:relmnsion of the nuewzn linux:ipgwndod :i drnwini, in'

ziiiiufjtlie Cycle :wetend thin; the i fcncwlriie inflithe :mitm s inthe inuit-erin; enel lfig. L? is n oi' the vlimeirolyziiig gn, niet,Fifi". l, nod e nitrsiic te ithe@mimi-tions Qrjriiimlentw nl' thiL irllieifniv: enti-` nl t 't ir-i completely demi'ntc formed their l ell,while the Mien which mit takes pince it .il may be expressed :isfollows: QINTziN()-l-Czi(1:NnCOz-l-NOg-HMO+0. 1E onlyn small, amount ot`unter he employed in this lixivintion, sodie carbonate will beextracted. It' n large amount; olf writer be used, the sodio carbonatewillen heating he converted into caustic Sodi with regeneration of theclmll. The nitrous fumes evolved during this decomposition :ire to bepassed into zi suitable chamber, Where they are submitted to theSimultaneous notion of nir or oxygen nud witter, and thus becomeconverted into aqueous nitrie zicid.- This operation is not illustratedon the dingrnm. Lithnrge or mas- Sicot is then to he dissolved in thisnitric Leid-my nt l)nnd the plumbic nitrate so formed is then to heprecipitated as plumbie chloride hy the addition of n solution of sodiochloride (brine) :it E. 'lhe plnmbie chloride thus:l formed zitter beingwashed and dried is to he inscd and decomposed eleetrolytically at if,hereinafter described, to produce chlorine, which goce to G, undmetallic lead, which goes to il, for the regeneration of the oxide(iithzirge or mnssieot) to be used again zit l). The sedie nitrateformed at E at the same time as the piumino chloride is evaporated andso recovered` from its Solution for use over nunin et A along with morecalcio cnrhonnte l'or the regeneration oi nitric acid for continuinglthe operntion.

'.lhc decomy ifeition of thepluinbic chloride hy electrolysis iscl'ieeted in the nninner illusirnted in Fig. T1 of the fglrnwinfr Thiselectrolyiicnl method ati'ords :in ons wily 0E gencrnting c'ilorincwithout, the assitance of any oxirlizin",Y ugent. The :inode @should becomposed 'i' graphite rnother mntcrinl unnttnclinlilc hy'ehlorine, sindthe operation should be conducted in n` hell or closed vessel (i, fromwhich, if mindnetivc, tlu- :inode should be infuriated. "'l'hirs hell ldips into fused pluinbie chlorider -afoninined in :i vessel e, (which iskein', hi ritiri in :my snitnhle mannen) while the :inode l is ninoimmersed in the funesnlt. fi"he hell l; :ind f' 'el w may lio ofenameled irnn of' he lined u th or composed wholly of graphite orcnrthenwnrv. 'lho cathode d muy pues in :it thc hottnm ol' the Suidvessel 1 nud he nitido oi iron, tinned to insure good clcctrienlcontact. 'Ihe :inode nnd cnthode hein;r in vonncvtion with the terminalsoi' n the fused chloride being higher than that of j snitable source ofelectricity produoinga eurrent of low tension and the-temperature ofmolten lead, the fused metal resulting from the decomposition of thechloride by the elec- ,i

tric current will collect at the bottom, and, surrounding the. cathode,will virtually forni a cathodcof large area, while the chlorine alsogenerated by the electrolysis of the chloride will risein the bell b andpass outthrough pipe e to a receiver. The molten inetal being drawn offfrom below through openingf while fresh ehlorideis added to the fusedchloride above the process is rendered continuous. The lead so obtainedis to be oxiv dized into inassieot in the ordinary way for furthertreatment at l) with the regenerated nitrieacid comingfroni E, as beforedescribed.

llaving now particularly described and ascertained the nature oiA thesaid invention and in what; manner the same is to be performed,I'declarc that what I clarin is The hcrein-described conjoint process ofcontinuously producing sodie or potassio ca r- [bonnie and chlorine,which consists in. deg coinposinglsodic or potassic nitrate by heatingit with calcio carbonate, lixiviating,r out i the sedie carbonate andconverting the nitrous fumes evolved into aqueous nitric acid by theaction oi' air or oxygen and water, disi solvingpluinbic oxide in thenitric acid, precipitating pluinbie chloride by means of sodio orpotassio chloride, fusing the plurnbic chloride, and decomposing itelectrolyticaily to form chlorine and metallic lead for use over again,as herein described.

The foregoing specification of my improvements inthe production ofalkaline carbonates and chlorine and theirderivatives signed by nie this15th day of Apri-l, 1891.

FARNll/Ql MAXV'ELL LY'IE.

Witnesses: C. M. LYTE, y l of() Fini/oro Road, S. W, Esquire, London.. lWILMEa M. HARRIS,

ATi/tary Public, 17 Grciceczmch Sfree, London, E. (1'.

